What are IT controls designed to protect?

IT controls are essential mechanisms implemented within organizations to ensure the reliability and security of their information systems. The primary purpose of these controls is to protect the integrity, confidentiality, and availability of data and information systems.

Integrity means ensuring that the data remains accurate and reliable, preventing unauthorized alterations. Confidentiality involves safeguarding sensitive information from unauthorized access, ensuring that only designated users can view or use specific data. Availability refers to ensuring that information systems and data are accessible to authorized users when needed, thereby maintaining operational continuity.

While other options touch on relevant aspects of business operations, they do not specifically address the core purpose of IT controls. Cost-effectiveness can be a benefit of implementing efficient controls, but it is not their primary purpose. Employee performance metrics are related to workforce management and do not directly relate to IT security and data protection. Market competitiveness is influenced by a variety of factors beyond IT controls, such as marketing strategies and product development. Therefore, the correct focus on protecting the integral aspects of information systems underscores why the choice emphasizing integrity, confidentiality, and availability is accurate.